Woodworkers in ancient India were true multi-taskers: In addition to carving household items, these craftsmen not only constructed chariots for war, but they drove them into battle as well. This broad job description underscores the vital role, both practical and artistic, that woodworking has always played in Indian culture. Archaeological evidence dates Indian woodcraft to the second century B.C., but it is thought to go back even further in history.

In many regions of India, houses and other buildings are typically constructed of wood. Architectural elements like wooden pillars and ceiling beams support the structures, but also feature intricate carvings.

India's woodcraft had its heyday in the 14th century, when woodworkers began creating richly carved furniture and decorations for royal patrons. Demand for ornate furniture peaked in the 19th century and although furniture is still made, hand-carved items produced today consist more of housewares, toys and decorative items like boxes, figurines and candleholders.

Each region of India has its own woodcarving specialty, depending on the woods grown there. Sandalwood boxes and figures are popular products of the south. Other common southern woods are rosewood, coconut and jackwood, while walnut is standard in the northwest.

Woodworkers use tools that have remained much the same over the ages. Carvers rely on knives, chisels and files to cut and shape wood. With these simple tools, the process of carving is extremely time-consuming. A piece of furniture could take three or more months to create.

Carving is usually a family trade, but as demand has ebbed for this labor-intensive craft, younger generations are leaving the family business. Government subsidies and nonprofit organizations have been established in hopes of keeping the craft alive.

Interestingly, vintage woodcarvings have seen a revival lately as "repurposed" objects. Carved doors or window frames are reused on furniture, and agricultural tools like oxen yokes or seed spreaders are popular as home d cor items. Even wooden blocks used for printing fabric are recycled as wall art.